Waste incinerators have become an attractive alternative to landfill sites. By burning the waste, municipalities get the double benefit of waste volume reduction and generation of electrical power. NOELL used CFD to optimize flow patterns for mixing and cooling purposes.

To ensure reliable functioning and availability of the plant, it is essential to avoid hot regions near the wall that might damage the refractory material. It is also necessary to ensure good mixing and a complete as possible burn up, which is achieved by optimising the geometry, air supply configuration and operational conditions.

"Comparisons with measured data and observations in existing plants are very encouraging, confirming that STAR-CD is capable of providing realistic simulations and valuable insight into the operations of these incinerators."

Flue gas scrubbers are used to capture harmful substances from coal and waste fired power plants. Two phase Lagrangian tracking of spray droplets, with interphase heat and mass transfer, was utilized to model a parallel-flow single-loop HCl scrubber.

For accurate modelling, the absorption of harmful substances into the evaporating drops must also be handled, requiring inclusion of inter-phase heat and mass transfer in the simulation. A model describing the separation was implemented in STAR-CD via user subroutines, and a droplet-wall model was introduced to describe the behaviour of droplets splashing into wall films.