BMW Motoren GmbH designs and manufactures automotive engines for use in passenger cars. The factory at Steyr, Austria manufactures over 60% of all BMW's engines.
Engine cooling simulation has been done for several years with 1D tools being used to determine pressure losses and flow rates in cooling circuits. The more complex flow patterns in cylinder head and jacket are simulated with full 3D CFD to determine convective heat transfer coefficients.
BMW simulates the vehicle's coolant flow with FLOWMASTER2, which enables a one-dimensional description of the whole system. Flow in the engine coolant jacket, which is much less predictable, is described three-dimensionally by the CFD programme
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